Manifold



W. 8. SMITH May 14, 1935.

MANIFOLD Filed March 28, 1932 QWN U USVGELYTLW v ATFOR/VEY Patented May 14, 1935 2,001 669 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MANIFOLD Walter S. Smith, Quincy, Mass., assignor to Shore Corporation, Dover, Del., a corporation of Delaware Application March 28, 1932, Serial No. 601,649

15 Claims. (Cl. 123-52) This invention relates to fuel supply means for tially separated from each other in their bore by internal combustion engines and the like which annular bafiles in having holes l2 therethrough employ gasoline, kerosene, or other liquid fuels, which permit the flow of mixture between the and particularly to the manifolds therefor. The header sections as hereinafter described. These 5 invention has for its principal object, the provibaffles are an important factor in the operation 5 sion of means which assist in the formation of of my manifold in that they effectively minimize the fuel-air mixture and deliver said mixture to the pulsations or surges which frequently interthe cylinders in like quantity, quality, and in fere withproper multi-cylinder engine operation proper condition for efiicient and trouble free and performance, particularly at some one speed engine performance, particularly with kerosene range. At the same time, the bafiles sufficiently 10 or even heavier hydrocarbon fuels. Further obpermit the flow of mixture therethrough (in rejects of the invention are to provide an improved sponse to the suctions of cylinders separated intake manifold suitable for use with two or thereby) so as to cause a more uniform flow more carburetors as is common for some engines, through each of the carburetors and thus avoid for example marine engines, and to provide an a complete or troublesome stoppage of the flow 15 improved exhaust-heated intake manifold for inthrough any one of said carburetors, which would ternal combustion engines with or without a occur but for the passage inthe baflies. Thus my water-cooled jacket for such exhaust-heated manifold, by reason of the baffles, eliminates manifolds. trouble due to manifold surging and provides the Referring to the drawing, which illustrates a desired constant flow through the carburetor sys- 20 preferred embodiment of my invention:-- tem. Actual engine operation has shown that the Fig. l is a view showing my improved manifold entire range of engine speeds may be covered as applied to a six cylinder engine of marine type, without troublesome manifold surging or carthe manifold itself, being shown principally in buretor stoppage. Both of these features therehorizontal cross section with certain minor porfore, serve to provide more uniform g ne opera- 25 tions thereof, shown in plan; tion and to secure more uniform distribution of Fig. 2 is a vertical cross sectional view of the the fuel-air mixture to the respect v cylinderscomplete manifold taken on the line 22 of The specific co s as Shown is that p- Fig. 1; plied to a heavy duty six cylinder marine engine Fig. 3 is a vertical cross sectional view taken in which it is desired to burn kerosene and other 30 on line 3 -3 of Fig. 1; and. hydrocarbon fuels somewhat heavier than ordi- Fig.4 is a perspective view showing a connecting y present day gasoline Such p p bushing as employed in the manifold of Figs, 1 3 the intake manifold as described, is provided with Referring to the drawing in which like nua novel exhaust-heated portion consisting of an merals represent like parts, exhaust passage I4 surrounded by a cylindrical 5 The intake manifold, in this embodiment for jacket l6 and, since the manifold is designed for a six cylinder marine engine, consists of three ma the exhaust jacket is q pp With riser or inlet pipes, generally designated at 2, a surroundin cyl ndri al wat riac t 8,wh which lead from the three carburetor portions 3 y e exterior of the manifeld is nta e by (th complete arburetors not being shown) d circulating water at the desired temperature. The 40 connect respe tively with the header portions 4. exhaust gases are conducte the Space Each of said header portions connects with outthrough p p al y desig a d at 20 adin let branches, generally designated at 6, leading from the Siamesed exhaust valves 2| of the engine, from said header portions to the intake valves the exhaust es being brou into tac 1 of the various cylinders. The headers 4 are with deflectors 22 at each T of the headers l. 45 shown connected with each other as at 8\ so that The size or mass of the deflectors is determined they in effect become 'a single long header with by the degree to which it is desirable or necessary the opposite ends thereof closed by plugs 9. The to heat the fuel-air mixture. When the larger connecting telescopic joints 8 are fitted to allow heat transfer is required, dependent upon the fuel for expansion and contraction due to differences and the load and speed conditions, the projection 50 in temperature, and to permit slight relative of the deflectors may be reduced in size or altomovement of the headers 4, though the sliding gether omitted so that the exhaust gases impinge joints are not essential and the entire length of squarely upon the outside of the header 4, the header may be formed integral. The headers as curved exterior plane thereof being more nearly shown, though connected as described, are partransverse to the exhaust gas flow than would the sides of the deflectors. As will be seen from the drawing, the exhaust-gases are free to circulate Within the jacket I4 and pass therefrom through the outlets 24 into the usual exhaust line consequently, are carried left and right in accordance with the induction cycle of the engine. In order to care for the differences in temperature in the manifold, as just described, I preferably cast the exhaust and water jackets l6 and I 8 respectively, out of an alloy of aluminum or other leading therefrom and separate inlet conduits suitable metal having a relatively high heat conductivity. The temperature of these jackets is of course always less than that of boiling water while the temperature of the header portion of the manifold of the type shown may be considerably higher, but, since the header portion of the manifold is made from iron or other material having a co eflicient of expansion (due to temperature) materially less than the surrounding aluminum jacket, the temperature difference does not result in destructive expansion.

The header portions 4 of the manifold shown are held in place by bushings 26 (see Fig. 4) flanged at one end 26a and threaded at the other 261), so that the bushings when threaded into the correspondingly threaded portions of the header, serve to hold the same in position. It will be seen from the drawing that each riser portion 2 includes one of said bushings as well as each intake branch 6 so as to complete the induction system.

Though the manifold as shown is for a six cylinder engine, the invention is equally useful for a four'or eight cylinder engine having two or four carburetors respectively. The spacing and the relations of the inlet conduits and cylinders are, in such cases, essentially the same for each,

two cylinder unit or pair. It is also contemplated that the manifold of this invention may be employed with down-draft carburetors in which case the inlet header 4.

Having described my invention, what I wish to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an inlet manifold for a multi-carburetor engine having cylinders arranged in line, a lateral header having pairs of outlet branches leading therefrom and separate inlet conduits leading thereto from the respective carburetors, each of said inlet conduits entering the header between the members of a pair of said outlet branches, said header being provided with means between pairs of outlet branches to check surging of fuel therein.

2. In an inlet manifold for a multi-carburetor engine having cylinders arranged in line, a lateral header having pairs of outlet branches leading therefrom and separate inlet conduits leading vertically thereto from the respective carburetors, each of said inlet conduits entering the header between the members of a pair of said outlet branches, said headerbeing provided with means between pairs of outlet branches to check surging of fuel therein.

3. In an inlet manifold for a multi-carburetor conduits lead downwardly I into the engine having cylinders arranged in line, a lateral header having pairs of substantially horizontal outlet branches leading therefrom and separate inlet conduits leading vertically thereto from the respective carburetors, each of said inlet conduits entering the header midway between the members of a pair of said outlet branches, said header being provided with means between pairsof outlet branches to check surging of fuel therein.

4. In an inlet manifold for a multi-carbur'etor engine having cylinders arranged in line, a lateral header having pairs of outlet branches leading therefrom and separate inlet conduits leading thereto, each of said inlet conduits entering the header midway between the members of one of said pairs, said header being provided with means between pairs of outlet branches to check surging.

of fuel therein.

5. In an inlet manifold for a multi-carburetor engine, a header having pairs of outlet branches leading thereto, each of said inlet conduits entering the header between the members of one of said pairs, means providing said header with a restricted opening positioned between said pairs,

leading therefrom and separate inlet conduits,

leading thereto, each of said inlet conduits entering the header between the members of one of said pairs, a perforated baffle positioned in said header between said pairs, and effective to check surging of fuel in the header, said baflie being constructed to position the perforation thereof in spaced relation to the header walls and to present sharp corners terminating abruptly about the perforation;

8. In an inlet manifold for a multi-carburetor engine, a header permanently open from end to end and having pairs of outlet branches leading therefrom and separate inlet conduits leading thereto from the respective carburetors, each of said inlet conduits entering the header between the members of a pair of said outlet branches, said header being provided with stationary battles between pairs of outlet branches to check surging of fuel therein. i

9. An intake manifold having a series of pairs of outlet branches .connected to the inlet ports of an engine with each of said branches feeding but one cylinder, a lateral header permanently open from end to end and connected to each of said branches, bafiles between said pairs of outlet branches, a plurality of inlet pipes each connected at one end to a carburetor and at its other end to said header between the members of each pair.

10. A manifold for a multi-cylinder multicarbureto'r internal combustion engine having a header permanently open from end toend, pairs of outlet branches from the header to the cylinders, partial partitions in said header between pairs dividing it into sections, each section having an inlet conduit fron a carburetor.

11. A manifold for a multi-cylinder multi-carburetor internal combustion engine having a header permanently open from end to end, pairs of outlet branches from the header to the cylinders, annuli in said header between pairs dividing it into sections, each section having an inlet conduit from a carburetor.

12. Anintake system having a plurality of manifold header portions, a pair of outlet branches leading from each of said header portions, an inlet pipe entering each header portion between the members of the pair of outlet branches therefrom and a restricted permanently open conduit between adjacent header portions.

13. An intake system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, comprising an intake manifold having a header composed of a plurality of aligned tubular sections, a jacket therefor adapted to be heated by the exhaust gases, telescoping connections between adjacent sections of said header, stationary baflies located approximately within the respective telescoping connections, and effective to check surging of fuel in the header, outlet branchesleading from said header to the cylinders and an inlet pipe to said header.

14. An intake manifold for an internal combustion engine having a. header, outlets from the header leading to the intake ports of the cylinders, conduits leading into said header, an exhaust manifold having a wall with portions common to said header, outlet passages to said exhaust manifold from the exhaust ports of the cylinders, and projections on said common wall portions approximately adjacent the junction points of said conduits and header and extending into said exhaust manifold opposite said exhaust outlet passages.

15. An intake manifold for an internal combustion engine having a header, outlets from the header leading to the intake ports of the cylinders, conduits leading into said header, an exhaust manifold having a wall with portions common to said header, outlet passages to said exhaust manifold from the exhaust ports of the cylinders, and projections on said common wall portions approximately adjacent the junction points of said conduits and header and extending into said exhaust manifold opposite said exhaust outlet passages said projections being beveled to deflect the impinging exhaust gases.

WALTER S. SMITH. 

